KanjiStuff

Study lines are polite/neutral. In real life boxes use casual guy speech (俺おれ, やる, な, 食った) — not the softer tone many apps default to. Want one card at a time? Try Study mode.

1. The apple is red.
   Ringo wa akai desu.
   りんご apple (topic) · は topic marker · 赤あかい red · です。 polite “is”
   In real life (guy speech):

   Ringo, akai na.

   りんご、 赤あかい · な。
   Explanation: Basic “X is Y” sentence. りんご (ringo) = apple; は (wa) marks the topic; 赤い (akai) = red (i-adjective); です (desu) is the polite ending. Pattern: Noun は Adjective です. Guy speech often drops は/です and may end with な (rough/casual) instead of softer よ/ね.
2. It is Ryuta's apple.
   Ryuta no ringo desu.
   龍太りゅうた Ryuta · の possessive · りんご apple · です。 polite “is”
   In real life (guy speech):

   Sore wa Ryuta no ringo da.

   それ · は · 龍太りゅうた · の · りんご · だ。
   Explanation: Possession with の (no) — like ’s in English. 龍太の (Ryuta no) = Ryuta’s; りんご (ringo) = apple; です (desu) = is. Pattern: Person の Noun です = “It is Person’s Noun.” Guy speech often adds それ (“that”) and ends with blunt casual だ.
3. I give Kota the apple.
   Watashi wa Kota ni ringo o agemasu.
   私わたし I (topic) · は topic marker · 航太こうた Kota · に to (receiver) · りんご apple · を object · あげます。 give
   In real life (guy speech):

   Ore, Kota ni ringo yaru.

   俺おれ、 航太こうた · に · りんご · やる。
   Explanation: Giving something to someone. 私 (watashi) = I; は (wa) = topic; 航太に (Kota ni) = to Kota (receiver); りんごを (ringo o) = the apple (object); あげます (agemasu) = give (polite). Particles: に = to (person), を = direct object. Guy speech often uses 俺 and やる (rougher “give”) instead of 私は…あげます, and may drop を.
4. We give him the apple.
   Watashitachi wa kare ni ringo o agemasu.
   私わたしたち we (topic) · は topic marker · 彼かれ him · に to (receiver) · りんご apple · を object · あげます。 give
   In real life (guy speech):

   Ore-tachi, kare ni ringo yaru.

   俺おれたち、 彼かれ · に · りんご · やる。
   Explanation: Same give-pattern as #3, but with plurals/pronouns. 私たち (watashitachi) = we (-tachi makes a group); 彼 (kare) = he / him; に marks the receiver; を marks the thing given; あげます = give. Guy speech: 俺たち + やる. Names are still preferred over 彼 when possible.
5. He gives it to Arai.
   Kare wa sore o Arai ni agemasu.
   彼かれ he (topic) · は topic marker · それ it · を object · 新井あらい Arai · に to (receiver) · あげます。 give
   In real life (guy speech):

   Sore o Arai ni yaru.

   それ · を · 新井あらい · に · やる。
   Explanation: Pronouns instead of “apple.” 彼 (kare) = he; それ (sore) = it / that (thing near the listener or already known); を marks sore as the object; 新井に = to Arai; あげます = give. Word order can put object before receiver. Guy speech drops 彼は when clear and may use やる.
6. She gives it to him.
   Kanojo wa sore o kare ni agemasu.
   彼女かのじょ she (topic) · は topic marker · それ it · を object · 彼かれ him · に to (receiver) · あげます。 give
   In real life (guy speech):

   Sore o kare ni yaru.

   それ · を · 彼かれ · に · やる。
   Explanation: Same structure as #5 with different people. 彼女 (kanojo) = she; それ (sore) = it; 彼 (kare) = him; に = to; あげます = give. Full pronoun sentence: giver は · thing を · person に · verb. Guy speech drops 彼女は when clear and may use やる.
7. Is the apple red?
   Ringo wa akai desu ka?
   りんご apple (topic) · は topic marker · 赤あかい red · です polite “is” · か question · ？ ?
   In real life (guy speech):

   Ringo, akai ka?

   りんご、 赤あかい · か · ？
   Explanation: Yes/no question. Take the statement from #1 and add か (ka) at the end. No need to change word order. Rising tone or か marks the question. Answer with はい、赤いです (yes) or いいえ、… (no). Guy questions often keep a blunt か, or just rising tone: りんご、赤い？
8. The apples are red.
   Ringo wa akai desu.
   りんご apple (topic) · は topic marker · 赤あかい red · です。 polite “is”
   In real life (guy speech):

   Ringo, akai na.

   りんご、 赤あかい · な。
   Explanation: Same Japanese as #1. Japanese often does not mark plural on nouns — ringo can mean “apple” or “apples.” Context (or words like たくさん, りんごと, numbers + counters) shows singular vs plural. English needs “are”; Japanese stays the same.
9. I must give it to him.
   Watashi wa kare ni sore o agenakereba narimasen.
   私わたし I (topic) · は topic marker · 彼かれ him · に to (receiver) · それ it · を object · あげなければなりません。 must give
   In real life (guy speech):

   Ore, kare ni sore yaranakya.

   俺おれ、 彼かれ · に · それ · やらなきゃ。
   Explanation: Obligation (“must / have to”). Verb stem + なければなりません (nakereba narimasen) = “if not …, it won’t do” → must. Here あげなければなりません = must give (from あげる). Particles still mark 彼に (to him) and それを (it). Guy shortcut: 俺…やらなきゃ (rough やる + なきゃ).
10. I want to give it to her.
    Kanojo ni agetai.
    彼女かのじょ her · に to (receiver) · あげたい。 want to give
    In real life (guy speech):

    Ore, kanojo ni agetai.

    俺おれ、 彼女かのじょ · に · あげたい。
    Explanation: Desire with 〜たい (-tai). Verb stem of あげる → あげたい (agetai) = want to give. 彼女に (kanojo ni) = to her. Subject “I” and object “it” are often dropped when clear from context. Casual form (no です).
11. I'm going to know tomorrow.
    Ashita wakaru yo.
    明日あした tomorrow · 分わかる find out · よ。 emphasis
    In real life (guy speech):

    Ashita wakaru. / Ore, ashita wakaru yo.

    俺おれ、 明日あした · 分わかる · よ。

    Polite guy speech often still uses 僕: 僕は明日分かります。

    Explanation: Future meaning from context, not a special tense. 明日 (ashita) = tomorrow; 分かる (wakaru) = understand / find out / “get it.” More natural here than 知る for “I’ll know tomorrow.” Japanese present form covers present and near future. よ (yo) softens or asserts.
12. I can't eat the apple.
    Ringo ga taberarenai.
    りんご apple · が subject marker · 食たべられない。 can’t eat
    In real life (guy speech):

    Ore, ringo taberarenai.

    俺おれ、 りんご · 食たべられない。
    Explanation: Potential (can/can’t) form. 食べる (taberu) → 食べられる (taberareru) = can eat; negative 食べられない = cannot eat. With potential, the object often takes が (ga) instead of を: りんごが. Casual; “I” is omitted.
13. I ate the apple.
    Watashi wa ringo o tabemashita.
    私わたし I (topic) · は topic marker · りんご apple · を object · 食たべました。 ate
    In real life (guy speech):

    Ore, ringo kutta.

    俺おれ、 りんご · 食くった。

    食った (kutta) is rough guy past of 食べる. Softer guy version: 俺、りんご食べた。

    Explanation: Past polite tense. 食べます (tabemasu) → 食べました (tabemashita) = ate. 私は = I (topic); りんごを = the apple (object); ました marks completed past action politely. Guy casual past is often 食った (kutta) or softer 食べた, with 俺 and particles dropped or kept lightly.